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Oxygen control in boiler circuits by Antonio Venturelli, Termochimica Impianti Srl.

Water used in high-pressure boilers must be very pure or else severe corrosion can rapidly destroy the materials of construction. Water fed to boilers consists of raw make-up water and condensate returns , most commonly a mixture of the two. Both contain oxygen and carbon dioxide in solution in varying amounts.

The make-up water storage vessel is often in contact with the atmosphere, so that dissolved gases can enter the boiler water here. Another source of dissolved gases is leakage into the condensate or through pump seals.....

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